2 new materials technology frontier research field

Since the 1990 s, the abnormal material in the development of science and technology rapidly. Materials science and life science, information science, cognitive science, environmental science, etc. Constitute the frontier of contemporary science and technology. Looking forward to the 21st century, based on the natural science such as physics, chemistry, mathematics and engineering technology such as electronics, chemical industry, metallurgy, the latest achievements of materials science and technology frontier is mainly as follows:

Microelectronics materials mainly is the real diameter (400 mm) number and sheet technology, large diameter (200 mm) silicon epitaxial technique, 150 mmgaas and 100 mminp chip and using them as a base of III - V semiconductor superlattice and quantum well heterostructure materials preparation technology, GeSi alloy and wide bandgap semiconductor materials.

New photonic materials are mainly large diameter, high optical quality artificial crystal preparation technology and organic and inorganic nonlinear optical crystal, new home away from the semiconductor laser optical fiber modules and solid-state tunable laser technology, organic, inorganic, ultra-high brightness red, green, and blue primary colors of materials and application technology, and new infrared, blue, violet semiconductor laser materials, and new light detection and optical storage materials, etc.

Rare earth functional materials mainly is the preparation of high purity rare earth materials technology, high magnetic energy of rare earth permanent magnet material for mass production of advanced technology, high performance rare earth hydrogen storage materials and related technology.

Biomedical materials were implanted with high reliability of bioactive materials synthesis of key technologies, biocompatible materials, such as organization word alternative materials, artificial blood, artificial leather and dialysis membrane technology, new materials and biological products, the quality of online performance monitoring and evaluation technology. Advanced composite materials are mainly composite material preparation technology, low cost composite materials interface control and optimization technology, different scale different structure of heterogeneous composite materials of new technology.

New metal material is mainly with light weight, high strength materials, transportation energy power with high temperature and corrosion resistant materials, new orderly brittle intermetallic compounds control and toughening techniques and high reliability manufacturing technology.

Advanced ceramic materials is mainly information function ceramic more functional and system integration technology, high performance ceramic film, heterogeneous thin film preparation, integration and micro machining technology, structural ceramics and its composite reinforcing, toughening technique, advanced ceramics mass preparation technology, high reliability and low cost. High temperature superconducting materials mainly is high temperature superconductor material (must) single crystal and texture material production technology, practical high temperature superconducting thin films and heterostructures thin film preparation, integration, and micro processing technology research and development, etc.

Environmental materials mainly is the material environment coordination appraisal technology, comprehensive utilization of renewable materials, prolong life, and new technology, reduce material production new technology resources and energy consumption.

Nanometer material and technology mainly is the nano material preparation and application of key technologies, the amount of solid preparation and nano processing technology of the device. Intelligent materials mainly of intelligent material and intelligent system design, preparation and application technology.

Material preparation and evaluation of technology is mainly precision preparation, near net forming technology and the intelligent processing technology, material surface modification technology of low-cost ways and production technology, material microstructure modeling technology, intelligent control and dynamic real-time monitoring and analysis technology, the characterization of different levels of design, performance prediction and evaluation of new technology.

3 feature of powder metallurgy technology and its role in new materials research

Powder metallurgy is preparing metal or metal powder (or the mixture of metal powder and nonmetal powder) as raw material, after forming and sintering, manufacturing metal materials, composite and technology of all kinds of products. Powder metallurgy method and has a similar place in ceramic production, therefore, a series of powder metallurgy new technology also can be used for the preparation of ceramic materials. Due to the advantages of powder metallurgy technology, it has become the key to solve the problem of new materials, in the development of new materials play an important role.

(1) of powder metallurgy technology can minimize alloy composition partial poly, eliminate thick, uneven casting structure. In the preparation of high performance rare-earth permanent magnetic materials, rare earth hydrogen storage materials, rare earth luminescent material, rare earth catalyst, high temperature superconducting materials, new type metal materials (such as Al - Li alloy, heat-resistant Al alloy, super alloy, corrosion resistant stainless steel powder, powder high speed steel, intermetallic compound, high temperature structural materials, etc.) plays an important role.

(2) preparation of amorphous and microcrystalline, quasi crystal, nanocrystalline and super saturation solid solution and a series of high-performance nonequilibrium materials, these materials have excellent electrical, magnetic, optical, and mechanical properties.

(3) you can easily achieve a variety of types of composite, give full play to the respective features of every material, is a kind of low-cost production of high-performance metal and ceramic composite material technology.

(4) can produce ordinary smelting method cannot production with special structure and properties of materials and products, such as new porous biological material, porous membrane material, high performance structure ceramics and functional ceramics, etc.

(5) can realize near net forming and automatic batch production, thus, can effectively reduce the production of resources and energy consumption.

(6) can make full use of ore, tailings, steelmaking sludge, rolled steel and iron scale as raw materials, recycling scrap metal, is a kind of material is effective for regeneration and comprehensive utilization of new technology.

4 powder metallurgy discipline preferred direction

(1) development of powder making process of new technology, new technology and theory. Focus on ultrafine powder and the preparation of nanometer powder technology, rapid preparation of amorphous condensed, quasi crystal and microcrystalline powder technology, mechanical alloying technology, self-propagating high temperature synthesis technique, powder particle size, structure, morphology, composition control technology. The general trend is to superfine, ultrapure, powder characteristics controlled direction. (2) establish a "net forming near" technology as the center of all kinds of new technology and its process model theory of consolidation, such as the powder injection molding, extrusion forming, injection forming, temperature, pressure forming, powder forging and so on.

(3) establish a "full densification" as the main goal of the new consolidation technology and process simulation technology. Such as hot isostatic pressing, hot isostatic pressing, sintering and hot isostatic pressing, microwave sintering, high energy, etc.

(4) of powder metallurgy materials design, characterization and evaluation of new technology. Pore characteristics of powder metallurgy materials, the researches on the mechanism of the interface problems and strong.