According to metal ion toxicity comparison, belongs to the high toxic metallic elements are: mercury, uranium, indium, thallium, cadmium, arsenic, silver, gold, vanadium, molybdenum, plating, zinc, nickel, etc. 13, and poisoning and low toxicity of metal elements, a total of more than 50; May produce harmful dust containing the following metal elements more than about 30 kinds of minerals, these minerals are: cinnabar, black uranium, carnotite, pitchblende, fai smaltite copper, arsenic, sulfur, realgar, arsenopyrite, arsenic, cobalt, vanadium, lead, beryl, bertrandite, nickel pyrite, chromite, hematite, black tungsten, etc., these metal mineral dust inhaled, can produce significant occupational diseases, and most have obvious pathological changes, to the lungs part can cause cancer, such as uranium, arsenic, and the stiffness of the nickel ore, chrome, containing cobalt metal and mineral dust, the incidence of lung cancer are more apparent, the United States has the metal dust containing arsenic trioxide standards, from the last 50 g/m3, increased to 0.1 g/m3. Free silica in the metal mineral powder and ore mixed, most have promoting effect on silicosis. In 1972 the United States government in industrial hygiene meeting dust concentration limit value (T, L, V), increased the antimony, arsenic, chromium, uranium, nickel and the T, L, V value of oil mist, may also be due to the dust toxic, carcinogenic effects.

Another is mine water pollution, mine water has corrosion damage to the equipment, not only has obvious harm to the person, once the mine water line to the surface, some directly into the river, river, lake, some residents directly or indirectly into farmland, water area, orchard etc. In addition to the direct harm caused by the acidic water, many heavy non-ferrous metals such as mercury, cadmium, lead, arsenic and radioactive elements. As water leakage around, directly or indirectly for the absorption of plants or animals, then transferred to the human body, causing endless future trouble. And waste pile, sand dam, after the rain washing or washing, seepage into the river, river, lake, the place such as farmland, orchards, residential areas, which can also be the same damage, even after mining production stop, contain toxic heavy metals in water or acidic water will still continually balls right from flat mouth, muck pile, sand dam, continue to flow or leaking, so in abandoned mines, still there is the legacy of huge pollution source.

Poison metallic dust prevention measures

To metal dust disease and cancer prevention measures, the first is about leadership's emphasis on the problems caused by strengthening organization management and scientific research work, and with reference to the experience at home and abroad to take effective measures. In the existing mine countermeasures to prevent the silicon dust, in addition to according to measure how much with free silica the harm of dust, also should according to the properties of mineral dust to divide the hazard level. To do this, you need to strengthen the following several aspects:

Dust of formulating unified national standards, formulate standards, both want to consider the weight of dust concentration, dispersion and dissociation silica content, also should take into account the properties of mineral dust and workers in the dust of time. For different mines, whether should be based on mineral dust containing toxic or carcinogenic metals to determine its risk level;

The dust source of dust suppression measures

Research rapidly improving existing mine ventilation and dust removal equipment, to achieve efficient, economic and applicable.